Incandescent gas-burner.



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W/ TNESSES.'

PATENTED JAN. 24, l1905.

A. A. PRATT.

INGANDBSGENT GAS BURNER. APPLIOATION II'LIzIJ Nov, 23.1903.

/N VEA/70H .UNITED STATES 'Patented January 24, 1905.

VALLISON A. PRATT, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, TO EDWIN J. SELLEY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

`INCANDESCENT GAS-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 780,913,- dated January 24, 1905.

' Application filed November 23, 1903. SerialvNoVlSZS'.

To all (wh/0m t may concern:

Be it known that I, ALLIsoN A..PRATT,a citi zen of the United States, anda resident of the city of New York, borough of Manhattan, in the county and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Incandescent Gas-Burner, of which the following isa full, clear, and exact description. V

' The object of the invention'isto provide a new and improved incandescent gaslburner arranged to allow minute yadjustment for producing a proper mixture of f the gas and air, especially by preventingloss of force in the stream of the gas and aswayingthereof from an axial directionl to prevent carbonization of the mantle 'and backflashing of the flame, also 4to regulate the amount of the light more or less without using the ordinary cock ofthe gas-lixture.

The invention consists of novel features and `parts and combinations of the same, as will be more fully described hereinafter and then pointed out in the claims.

A practical embodiment of the invention is represented in the accompanying' drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure l is a sectional side'elevation of the improvement. Fig. 2 is a like View ofl the same, showing parts dismembered. Fig. Sis

a sectional plan View of the improvement on' the line 3 3 of Fig. 1, and Fig. 4L is a sectional side elevation of a larger-sized extension for the upper mixing-chamber.

The gas-tip A is secured on a gas-supply pipe B, having the usual cock (not shown) for turning on the gas or for shutting it off whenever it is desired to extinguish the flame. The gastip A has a conical top A/ formed with a central axial jet-openingA2, and jet-openings A3 are arranged in the conical sides of the said top A, and on the said tip A screws a regulator O`for` regulating the amount of gas Aflowing out of the tip without diminishing the initial pressure of the gas. Thel regulator O has a contracted top O', forming,with the conical top A' of the tip, an annular passage for b ut the saidcontracted top O does not affect the stream of gas issuing from the central `jet-opening A2, so that the gas flows from the latter in a straight axial stream 'upward without the least diminution in its initial pressure as long as the cock in the supply-pipe Bis turned on full. By screwing the regulator@ upward the annular space between thetops A and O is increased, and by screwing the regulator O downward the said space is decreased, and when the regulator reaches a lowermost position then its top O seats on the top A above the jet-openings A2, thus completely 'cutting-off the gas from the several jet-openings A2, leaving only the stream of gas issuing from the opening A2.

rIhe lower end of the regulator O is provided with an annular angeO2,'adapted to be taken hold of by the operator for screwing the regulator up or down on the tip Afor the purpose above described. The flange O2 is 70 provided with apertures and may be seated on the lower end of a compression-cup D, open atthe bottom and provided with perforations in the sides for the ready entrance of air, the said cup surrounding the upper end of the regulator and the tip A, and from the top of the cup extends a somewhat contracted neck, D,itting into the collar E' ofaframe E, screwing on the tip A below the regulator and abutting against a shoulderA2 on the tip A. 8O Spring-tongues D2 on the neck D press against the inner side of the collar El to hold the compressioncup in position on the frame E. In

I case the regulator-C is accidentally screwed up until its flange C2abuts against the lower end 85 of theA compression-cup then the perforations in the said flange still allow suflicient air to pass into the bottom of thecup to meet all requirements under ordinary pressure; but when the regulator is screwed downward a large amount of air lcan enter the cup from the open bottom thereof in addition to the air entering through the perforations in the sides of the cup. A spring F, held on the frame E, presses with its free end on the flange O2 to hold the same, and consequently guard the regulator against accidental turning. It is understood that the flange C2 is ordinarily below the lower end of the compression-cup.

On the collar E' of the frame E screws a tube G, forming at its lower end a lower mixing-chamber G', into which passes the mixture of air and gas from the neck D' of the compression-cup D, and the said tube G is provided in its upper end with an upper mixingchamber G2, connected by a suction-tube H with the lower mixing-chamber G'. The suction-tube H is in the form of an inverted frustum of a cone, extending with its base end a distance up in the chamber G2, while the apex end of the said suction-tube opens into the top of the lower mixing-chamber G'. The suctiontube H isprovided near its upper end with an annular iiange or bead H', seated on the bottom G3 of the upper mixing-chamber G2, as plainly indicated in Figs. 1 and 2.

On the upper mixing-chamber G2 is exteriorly held a gallery I for supporting a glass chimney J and a rod K, on which a mantle L is suspended, the said mantle fitting with its lower end onto acap N, provided with the usual wire-gauze N', forming the burner proper, and on which the mixture of gas and air is burned. The cap N is held on the upper end of the extension G* of the mixing-chamber G2, the said extension being removably held' 0n a collar I', forming part of the gallery I, and held on the upper mixing-chamber G2, as plainly shown in the drawings. The collar I' is provided with integral spring-tongues l2 for engaging the extension GV1 to hold the latter in position when adjusted up or down for `increasing or decreasing the size of the mixing-chamber G2. Extensions G" (see Fig. 4) of different sizes may be employed on the collar 1' to correspondingly increase the size of the upper mixing-chamber G2. By the arrangement described the size of the upper mixing-chamber G2 can be readily increased in length and diameter to increase the draft when the gas-pressure in the supply-pipe B is low. By having the extensions G2 of different diameters different-sized mantles L may be used on the same gas-burner.

ln using the gas-burner described the cock in the supply-pipe B is turned on full and left so during the time the burner is in use. The gas flowing through the pipe B into the tip A issues through the openings A2 A3, and the amount of the gas passing into the compression-cup D is regulated by the operator screwing the regulator C up or down, as previously explained. The gas issuing through the central jet-opening A2 with undiminished pressure passes straight up into the lower mixing-chamber G', thus producing a proper inrush of air through the compression-cup without danger of the jet swaying to one side in It is understood that aS long the chamber G'.

as the jet passes with full pressure centrally up into the mixing-chamber a proper uniform mixing of the air and gas takes place, and the mixture of air and gas from the lower mixing-chamber G' then rushes through the suction-tube H into the upper mixing-chamber G2, from which the mixture of gas and air passes through the wire-gauze N' to be burned in the mantle L. When it is desired to reduce the ilame, it is only necessary for the operator to screw the regulator C downward to diminish the gas-supply; but under no ci rcumstances is the position of the cock in the supply-pipe B changed as long as the burner is in use.

It is understood that by having the straight axial stream of gas from the jet-opening A2 the outer stream passing through the annular space between the regulator and the top A' is made to conform to the inner stream, and consequently the air is drawn in through the compression-cup D in a uniform manner to insure a proper mixing and proportion of gas and air.

By reference to Fig. l it will be seen that as the neck D' of the compression-cup D is contracted the air and gas passing through the said neck readily expands when reaching the larger lower mixing-chamber G', so that a preliminary mixing of the gas and air takes place in the lower mixing-chamber G'.

By having the suction-tube H in the form of an inverted frustum of a cone it is evident that as the gas passes through thc tube and reaches the upper larger end it expands, and by the suction action the velocity is increased to cause a rapid movelnent of the gas mixture from the lower mixing-chamber G' through the suction-tube.

The length of the upper miXing-chamber G2 can be increased by sliding the extension Gl correspondingly upward, so as to increase the draft in case the gas-pressure in the supplypipe B is reduced,

The incandescent gas-burner shown and described is very simple and durable in construction and can be readily applied to the gas-supply pipe B, and the iame can beinstantly i.e,f ;ulated without diminishing the pressure of the gas by the operator by screwing the regulator G up or down, according to whether a brighter or less bright iame is desired. By the arrangement described a carbonization ofthe mantle and the backlashng of the flame is prevented, and consequently a long life is insured to the mantle L. lt is understood that the mantle maybe supported on a post of magnesium or the like set in a stud or socket held on the wire-gauze N.

The burner above described can he used out of doors as well as in rooms without any protection, such as globes or the like, as ordinary wind-pressure will not extinguish the flame or cause the burner to smoke.

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The detail construction of the burner may be varied without deviating from the spirit of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. An incandescent gas-burner having a gastip, a perforated compression-cup open at its bottom and surrounding the tip, and a movable apertured member adapted to be seated on the lower end of the compression-cup, as set forth.

2. An incandescent gas-burner comprising a gas-tip having a central axial jet and side jets, a regulator movable on the tip, vto regulate the gas passing out of the side jets, the said `regulator having an operating-liange provided with perforations and a perforated compression-cup surrounding the tip and regulator and adapted to be partially closed at its lower open end by the said perforated iiange, as set forth. y 3. An incandescent gas-burner having a conical gas-tip provided with an axial jet at its apex and side jets in its conical sides, a regulating-tube surrounding the tip and movable up and down thereon, the said tube having a contracted apertured top forming an annular passage with the conical tip, and provided with an apertu red flange atits lower end, and a perforated cup surrounding the/regulatingtube and having an open lower end upon which the flange of the said tube isv adapted to be seated, as set forth.

4. An incandescent gas-burner provided with a lower mixing-chamber, an upper mixing-chamber, a tube of less diameter than the chambers and connecting the said chambers. with each other, and a suction-tube in the form of an inverted frustum of a cone, and arranged in the connecting-tube with its base end projecting a `distance upv into the upper .mixing-chamber, as set forth.

5. An incandescent gas-burner provided with a lower mlxing-chamber, an upper mixing-chamber having a slldable extension, and

a suction-tube connecting the said chambers bottom and provided with perforated sides, and a suction-tube inthe form of an inverted frustum of a cone, connecting the chambers with each other, asset forth.

7 An incandescent gas-burner comprising an upper and a lower mixing-chamber, a compression-cup having a reduced neck opening into the lower end of the lower mixing-chamber, the compression-cup being open at the bottom and provided with perforated sides, a suction-tube in the form of an inverted frustum of a cone, connecting the chambers with each other, a gas-tip, and a regulator screwing on the tip, for regulating the amount of gas iiowing from the tip into the said cup, the latter surrounding the tip and regulator, as set forth.

8. An incandescent gas-burner comprising an upper and a lower mixing-chamber, a compression-cup having a reduced neck'opening into the lower end of the lower mixing-chamber, the compression-cup being 4open at the bottom and provided with perforated sides, a suction-tube in the form of an inverted frustum of a cone, connecting the chambers with each other, a gas-tip, and a regulator screwing on the tip, for regulating the amount of gas iiowing from the tip into the said cup, the latter surrounding the tip and regulator, and the regulator having a perforated flange, as set forth.

9. An incandescent gas-burner comprising an upper and a lower mixing-chamber, a compression-cup having a reduced neck opening into the lower end of the lower mixing-chamber, the compression-cup being open at the bottom and provided with perforated sides, a suction-tube in the form of an inverted frustum of a cone, connecting the chambers with each other, a gas-tip, a regulator screwing on the tip, for regulating the amountv of gas iowing from the tip into the said cup, the latter surrounding the tip and regulator, and a spring for holding the regulator against `accidental movement, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification 1n the presence of two sub,- scribing witnesses.

ALLis'oN A. PRATT.

Witnesses:

THEO. G. HosTER, EVERARD BOLTON MARSHALL.

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